Historical reality: Siamese muslims king of nagara Kedah and Ayuttahaya

          The mistake by researchers on Pattani and Ayutthaya is that they always thought that Thais are descendent of the Siamese and all Thais themselves today think they are Siamese. In terms of people to country relationship this is correct but in term of monarchy to country relationship this is not so. 

              The ruling Thai monarchy only came into power when Rama I, a Buddhist general was nominated as King after the attacked by Burmese Alaungphaya in 1767. Before this date, Siam was a Muslim empire ruling from Ayutthaya to the tip of peninsular Malaya and from Cambodia to Acheh. It form part of the Muslim Monggol Empire in India which is tributary to the Emperor of China (see map , "Empire of the Great Monggol,1744") Today, the Malays of peninsular Malaysia especially in the northern state of Kedah, Perlis, Kelantan and Pattani in Thailand are the descendent of that Siamese Kingdom, before Ayutthaya was attacked. 

            Siamese language, not thai is still spoken in this state, up to Haadyai in Thailand. Meanwhile, the Thai's originate from Lannathai where the Sukhothai Kingdom, led by their king, Alaungpaya (and later on by Prince Hsinbyushin) was allowed to set up their small kingdom within Ayutthaya borders as a tributary state to Siam. They then attacked the Toung Oo Kingdom (in Burma) which is tributary to Siam in 1758, then in 1767 invade Ayutthaya from Burma. Historically today, the Burmese takes the blame for attacking Ayutthaya in 1767. 

          During the invasion, they burnt all documents, art treasures, the libraries and its literature, and the archives housing its historical records pertaining to Muslims Ayutthaya and claim the Ayutthaya Kingdom to be Theravada Buddhist simply because the Siamese Muslim history started much earlier in Kedah (pls. refers to Hikayat Merong Mahawangsa). From Burma they purchased weapons from the British through an agreement in 1760. With these new weapons they then attacked Muslims Ayutthaya in 1767. 

             

            Therefore after 1767, the Siamese should be address as Thai because Sukhothai (the invaders of Siam), are Theravada Buddhist. Thaksin or Mukhtar Hussin (governer city of thak, hence thaksin) the Ayutthaya Muslim military tactician and strategist, sided with Alaungpaya and ruled for a few years in Lopburi. He was soon killed in the years to come for ridiculous reasons and replaced by the Chakri Rama I, Yot Fa Chula Lok, the first Buddhist King of Siam, of Sukuthai descendent. In Siamese (not Thai) Chula Lok carries the meaning 'son of a minister'.

             Historical records have shown that religious tolerance in administration in a multi religion and multi culture society only existed in Muslim Ayutthaya (during Narai tenure as King) but not in Buddhist Thailand under the Chakri Kings. If they do exist, like in Muslim Malaysia today, then the situation in Pattani will not be like it is today. Human Right’s Watch claimed that Thai police and armies practice ‘ethnic cleansing’ in Pattani. Theres nothing new about this tactics because the same technics were used much earlier when attacking Kedah, Patani and Kelantan, the northern state of peninsular Malaysia in 1821, 1832 and 1876.

             Since 1992 Thailand HRW has consistently been reporting to the Geneva-based UN Commission on Human Rights, 34 cases of disappearance, excluding Somchai’s, the human right lawyer disappearance. This tactic is not new to the Thais when they came down to Kedah in 1821, under Rama II instruction to hunt and killed the last King of Ayutthaya, Boromoraja Ekataat V, Sultan Sharib Shah Monggol, and his relatives in order to finish off his bloodline. He was ruling as the Raja of Ligor from 1767 to 1821. 

          

            Durind the attacked, even innocent children and pregnant women in Kedah were not spared and brutally massacred (Read Sherrard Osbourne, "My Jounal in Malayan Waters: Blockade of Quedah", 1861).
Oleh : A.M Mazlan

Written by :
Nur Farhana Marini Binti Marzuki is a volunteerism in  Misi Jelajah Patani (MIMPI) as a Secretary, also as an Exco Multimedia Majlis Perwakilan Pelajar (MPPUNISEL) in 2019/2020 session and Secretary in  Grup Sukarelawan Darul Ehsan, Shah Alam Campus.